Galaxies with Supermassive Binary Black Holes: (II) A Model with Cuspy Galactic Density Profiles

TL;DR

This paper analyzes equilibrium points in galactic systems with supermassive binary black holes within cuspy halos, revealing conditions for their existence and stability, which differ from non-cuspy profiles and impact galaxy core studies.

Contribution

It extends previous models by considering cuspy density profiles, showing that equilibrium points exist under general conditions and analyzing their stability.

Findings

Lagrange and Jiang-Yeh Points exist under general conditions

L2, L3, JY1, JY2 are unstable; L4, L5 stability depends on galactic mass

Results inform studies of early-type galaxy cores

Abstract

The existence and uniqueness of equilibrium points, including Lagrange Points and Jiang-Yeh Points, of a galactic system with supermassive binary black holes embedded in a centrally cuspy galactic halo are investigated herein. Differing from the previous results of non-cuspy galactic profiles that Jiang-Yeh Points only exist under a particular condition, it is found here that the Lagrange Points, L2, L3, L4 and L5, Jiang-Yeh Points, JY1 and JY2, exist under general conditions. The stability analysis shows that L2, L3, JY1 and JY2 are unstable. However, L4 and L5 are only unstable when the galactic total mass is smaller than a critical mass; otherwise they become neutrally stable centers. These results will be important for further studies on the cores of early-type galaxies.