Structure of chromomagnetic fields in the glasma

TL;DR

This paper investigates the early-time behavior of chromomagnetic fields in the glasma formed after heavy ion collisions, revealing universal scaling laws and eigenvalue distributions through lattice calculations.

Contribution

It presents the first lattice calculation of the spatial Wilson loop's area dependence in the glasma, uncovering universal scaling and critical exponents at early times.

Findings

Universal area-dependent scaling of the Wilson loop observed

Eigenvalue distributions of the Wilson loop analyzed

Fluctuations of Wilson loop components studied

Abstract

The initial stage of a heavy ion collision is dominated by nonperturbatively strong chromoelectric and -magnetic fields. The spatial Wilson loop provides a gauge invariant observable to probe the dynamics of the longitudinal chromomagnetic field. We discuss recent results from a real time lattice calculation of the area-dependence of the expectation value of the spatial Wilson loop. We show that at relatively early times after the collision, a universal scaling as a function of the area emerges at large distances for very different initial conditions, with a nontrivial critical exponent. A similar behavior has earlier been seen in calculations of the gluon transverse momentum spectrum, which becomes independent of the initial spectrum of gauge fields. We also show the distribution of eigenvalues of the spatial Wilson loop and the fluctuations of its real and imaginary parts.