A note on $f^\pm$-Zagreb indices in respect of Jaco Graphs, $J_n(1), n \in \Bbb N$ and the introduction of Khazamula irregularity

TL;DR

This paper explores new topological indices related to Jaco Graphs, introduces $f^\u00b1$-Zagreb indices based on Fibonacci weights, and proposes a novel irregularity measure called Khazamula irregularity.

Contribution

It introduces $f^\u00b1$-Zagreb indices and Khazamula irregularity, expanding the set of topological indices for Jaco Graphs and related irregularity measures.

Findings

Presented initial results for Jaco Graphs with n  12.

Defined $f^\u00b1$-Zagreb indices based on Fibonacci weights.

Introduced Khazamula irregularity as a new topological measure.

Abstract

The topological indices $irr(G)$ related to the \emph{first Zagreb index,} $M_1(G)$ and the \emph{second Zagreb index,} $M_2(G)$ are the oldest irregularity measures researched. Alberton $[3]$ introduced the \emph{irregularity} of $G$ as $irr(G) = \sum\limits_{e \in E(G)}imb(e), imb(e) = |d(v) - d(u)|_{e=vu}$. In the paper of Fath-Tabar $[7]$, Alberton's indice was named the \emph{third Zagreb indice} to conform with the terminology of chemical graph theory. Recently Ado et.al. $[1]$ introduced the topological indice called \emph{total irregularity}. The latter could be called the \emph{fourth Zagreb indice}. we define the $\pm$\emph{Fibonacci weight,} $f^\pm_i$ of a vertex $v_i$ to be $-f_{d(v_i)},$ if $d(v_i)$ is uneven and $f_{d(v_i)}$, if $d(v_i)$ is even. From the aforesaid we define the $f^\pm$-Zagreb indices. This paper presents introductory results for the undirected underlying graphs of Jaco Graphs, $J_n(1), n \leq 12$. For more on Jaco Graphs $J_n(1)$ see $[9, 10]$. Finally we introduce the \emph{Khazamula irregularity} as a new topological variant.