Primordial quantum nonequilibrium and large-scale cosmic anomalies

TL;DR

This paper proposes that incomplete quantum relaxation during a pre-inflationary phase could explain large-scale anomalies in the CMB, using the de Broglie-Bohm framework and numerical simulations.

Contribution

It introduces a novel quantum nonequilibrium scenario during pre-inflation that can account for observed cosmic anomalies, supported by numerical modeling.

Findings

Power deficit with inverse-tangent shape in the primordial spectrum

Ability to produce observed magnitude of power deficit

Potential explanation for large-scale anisotropy

Abstract

We study incomplete relaxation to quantum equilibrium at long wavelengths, during a pre-inflationary phase, as a possible explanation for the reported large-scale anomalies in the cosmic microwave background (CMB). Our scenario makes use of the de Broglie-Bohm pilot-wave formulation of quantum theory, in which the Born probability rule has a dynamical origin. The large-scale power deficit could arise from incomplete relaxation for the amplitudes of the primordial perturbations. We show, by numerical simulations for a spectator scalar field, that if the pre-inflationary era is radiation dominated then the deficit in the emerging power spectrum will have a characteristic shape (an inverse-tangent dependence on wavenumber k, with oscillations). It is found that our scenario is able to produce a power deficit in the observed region and of the observed (approximate) magnitude for an appropriate choice of cosmological parameters. We also discuss the large-scale anisotropy, which might arise from incomplete relaxation for the phases of the primordial perturbations. We present numerical simulations for phase relaxation, and we show how to define characteristic scales for amplitude and phase nonequilibrium. The extent to which the data might support our scenario is left as a question for future work. Our results suggest that we have a potentially viable model that might explain two apparently independent cosmic anomalies by means of a single mechanism.