The Density Tur\'an problem

TL;DR

This paper investigates the maximum edge density in blow-up graphs that avoid containing a specific subgraph H as a transversal, aiming to determine the critical density and characterize extremal configurations.

Contribution

It introduces the density Turán problem, defining the critical edge density for blow-up graphs avoiding a subgraph H, and characterizes extremal graphs for this problem.

Findings

Determined the critical edge density for specific graphs.

Characterized extremal blow-up graphs avoiding H.

Provided bounds and conditions for the existence of such graphs.

Abstract

Let $H$ be a graph on $n$ vertices and let the blow-up graph $G[H]$ be defined as follows. We replace each vertex $v_i$ of $H$ by a cluster $A_i$ and connect some pairs of vertices of $A_i$ and $A_j$ if $(v_i,v_j)$ was an edge of the graph $H$. As usual, we define the edge density between $A_i$ and $A_j$ as $d(A_i,A_j)=\frac{e(A_i,A_j)}{|A_i||A_j|}.$ We study the following problem. Given densities $\gamma_{ij}$ for each edge $(i,j)\in E(H)$. Then one has to decide whether there exists a blow-up graph $G[H]$ with edge densities at least $\gamma_{ij}$ such that one cannot choose a vertex from each cluster so that the obtained graph is isomorphic to $H$, i.e, no $H$ appears as a transversal in $G[H]$. We call $d_{crit}(H)$ the maximal value for which there exists a blow-up graph $G[H]$ with edge densities $d(A_i,A_j)=d_{crit}(H)$ $((v_i,v_j)\in E(H))$ not containing $H$ in the above sense. Our main goal is to determine the critical edge density and to characterize the extremal graphs.