Coherent neutrino-nucleus scattering detection with a CsI[Na] scintillator at the SNS spallation source

TL;DR

This study explores using CsI[Na] scintillators at the SNS to detect coherent neutrino-nucleus scattering, demonstrating feasibility with a 14 kg detector capable of measuring hundreds of events annually.

Contribution

It introduces a new application of CsI[Na] scintillators for CENNS detection at SNS, with detailed response characterization and background analysis.

Findings

A 14 kg detector can measure ~550 CENNS events per year.

The detector achieves a low-energy threshold of about 7 keVnr.

The setup allows simultaneous measurement of the $^{208}$Pb neutrino reaction.

Abstract

We study the possibility of using CsI[Na] scintillators as an advantageous target for the detection of coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CENNS), using the neutrino emissions from the SNS spallation source at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The response of this material to low-energy nuclear recoils like those expected from this process is characterized. Backgrounds are studied using a 2 kg low-background prototype crystal in a dedicated radiation shield. The conclusion is that a planned 14 kg detector should measure approximately 550 CENNS events per year above a demonstrated $\sim7$ keVnr low-energy threshold, with a signal-to-background ratio sufficient for a first measurement of the CENNS cross-section. The cross-section for the $^{208}$Pb($\nu_{e},e^{-}$)$^{208}$Bi reaction, of interest for future supernova neutrino detection, can be simultaneously obtained.