Backreaction due to quantum tunneling and modification to the black hole evaporation process

TL;DR

This paper investigates how quantum tunneling and back-reaction influence black hole evaporation, leading to a modified, nonthermal radiation spectrum and providing a more realistic understanding of black hole energy loss.

Contribution

It introduces a method to incorporate back-reaction effects into black hole evaporation using quantum tunneling, resulting in a quantitative analysis of the modified radiation spectrum.

Findings

Back-reaction alters the black hole's geometry during evaporation.

The radiation spectrum becomes nonthermal due to back-reaction effects.

Quantitative results support the physical expectation of back-reaction influence.

Abstract

We study the effect of back-reaction on the evaporation of quantum black holes. The method used is based on quantum tunneling formalism as proposed in [4]. We give a more realistic picture by considering the fact that a black hole looses its energy while modes are tunneled outside the event horizon. It is shown how the tunneling quantum field modes affect the geometry and how this change in geometry is arrested in the quantum field. Exploiting this we calculate the modified (nonthermal) radiation spectrum, associating energy fluxes and discuss various issues related with these. The results obtained here are often expected on physical grounds, but, importantly we find them in a quantitative manner.