Spectral atlases of the Sun from 3980 to 7100 {\AA} at the center and at the limb

TL;DR

This paper presents the first high-resolution spectral atlas of the solar limb in the 3980-7100 Å range, complementing existing disk-center atlases, with detailed line profiles and difference spectra.

Contribution

It provides the first spectral atlas of the solar limb in this spectral range, including high-resolution spectra and difference spectra with disk-center, enhancing solar spectral studies.

Findings

First spectral atlas of the solar limb in this range

High resolution spectra with R~70,000 and SNR 400-600

Includes difference spectra highlighting line profile variations

Abstract

In this work, we present digital and graphical atlases of spectra of both the solar disk-center and of the limb near the Solar poles using data taken at the UTS-IAP & RIAAM (the University of Tabriz Siderostat, telescope and spectrograph jointly developed with the Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris and Research Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics of Maragha). High resolution and high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR)CCD-slit spectra of the sun for 2 different parts of the disk, namely for $\mu$~=~1.0 (solar center) \& for $\mu$~=~ 0.3 solar limb) are provided and discussed. While there are several spectral atlases of the solar disk-center, this is the first spectral atlas ever produced for the solar limb at this spectral range. The resolution of the spectra is about \emph{R}~$\sim$~70 000 ($\Delta\lambda$~$\sim$~0.09 {\AA} with the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 400$-$600. The full atlas covers the 3980 to 7100 {\AA} spectral regions and contains 44 pages with three partial spectra of the solar spectrum put on each page to make it compact. The difference spectrum of the normalized solar disk-center and the solar limb is also included in the graphic presentation of the atlas to show the difference of line profiles, including far wings. The identification of the most significant solar lines is included in the graphic presentation of the atlas. Telluric lines are producing a definite signature on the difference spectra which is easy to notice. At the end of this paper we present only two sample pages of the whole atlas while the graphic presentation of the whole atlas along with its ASCII file can be accessed via the ftp server of the CDS in Strasbourg via anonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or via this link \footnote{\url{http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/qcat?J/other/ApSS}}.