Electromagnetic moments of the bound system of charged particles

TL;DR

This paper develops a Hamiltonian framework for calculating electromagnetic moments of a bound charged-particle system, incorporating relativistic effects and particle properties.

Contribution

It introduces a canonical transformation and perturbation scheme to derive formulas for electromagnetic moments in bound systems with relativistic corrections.

Findings

Derived formulas for magnetic dipole moments

Calculated mean square charge radii

Evaluated electric dipole polarizability

Abstract

We consider a bound system of particles interacting via electromagnetic forces in an external electromagnetic field, including leading relativistic corrections. Each particle has a definite mass, charge, spin, and charge radius. We introduce suitable canonical transformations and a perturbation scheme to obtain a Hamiltonian which describes the global dynamics of the system. This enables the derivation of formulas for various electromagnetic moments, such as the magnetic dipole moment, the mean square charge radius, and the electric dipole polarizability.