Simple 3-3-1 model and implication for dark matter

TL;DR

This paper introduces a minimal 3-3-1 model with new Higgs bosons and gauge boson mixing, providing solutions for neutrino masses, proton stability, and dark matter within a unified framework.

Contribution

The paper presents a simple 3-3-1 model with minimal scalar content that explains neutrino masses, dark matter candidates, and constraints from flavor-changing processes.

Findings

The model constrains the symmetry breaking scale to be above 460 GeV.

Hadronic FCNCs imply a lower bound of 3.6 TeV on the scale w.

Dark matter candidates include triplet, doublet, and singlet fields.

Abstract

We propose a new and realistic 3-3-1 model with the minimal lepton and scalar contents, named the simple 3-3-1 model. The scalar sector contains two new heavy Higgs bosons, one neutral H and another singly-charged H^\pm, besides the standard model Higgs boson. There is a mixing between the Z boson and the new neutral gauge boson (Z'). The \rho parameter constrains the 3-3-1 breaking scale (w) to be w>460 GeV. The quarks get consistent masses via five-dimensional effective interactions while the leptons via interactions up to six dimensions. Particularly, the neutrino small masses are generated as a consequence of the approximate lepton-number symmetry of the model. The proton is stabilized due to the lepton-parity conservation (-1)^L. The hadronic FCNCs are calculated that give a bound w>3.6 TeV and yield that the third quark generation is different from the first two. The correct mass generation for top quark implies that the minimal scalar sector as proposed is unique. By the simple 3-3-1 model, the other scalars beside the minimal ones can behave as inert fields responsible for dark matter. A triplet, doublet and singlet dark matter are respectively recognized. Our proposals provide the solutions for the long-standing dark matter issue in the minimal 3-3-1 model.