Further validation to the variational method to obtain flow relations for generalized Newtonian fluids

TL;DR

This paper validates a variational method for deriving flow relations of generalized Newtonian fluids in slit geometries, showing it aligns with established solutions and offers a new approach to fluid dynamics problems.

Contribution

It extends the variational method to slit geometries and validates it against classical solutions for eight rheological models, providing a new analytical and numerical approach.

Findings

Variational method produces solutions matching traditional methods.

Analytical formulae derived for eight rheological models.

Method reveals flow system's tendency to minimize total stress.

Abstract

We continue our investigation to the use of the variational method to derive flow relations for generalized Newtonian fluids in confined geometries. While in the previous investigations we used the straight circular tube geometry with eight fluid rheological models to demonstrate and establish the variational method, the focus here is on the plane long thin slit geometry using those eight rheological models, namely: Newtonian, power law, Ree-Eyring, Carreau, Cross, Casson, Bingham and Herschel-Bulkley. We demonstrate how the variational principle based on minimizing the total stress in the flow conduit can be used to derive analytical expressions, which are previously derived by other methods, or used in conjunction with numerical procedures to obtain numerical solutions which are virtually identical to the solutions obtained previously from well established methods of fluid dynamics. In this regard, we use the method of Weissenberg-Rabinowitsch-Mooney-Schofield (WRMS), with our adaptation from the circular pipe geometry to the long thin slit geometry, to derive analytical formulae for the eight types of fluid where these derived formulae are used for comparison and validation of the variational formulae and numerical solutions. Although some examples may be of little value, the optimization principle which the variational method is based upon has a significant theoretical value as it reveals the tendency of the flow system to assume a configuration that minimizes the total stress. Our proposal also offers a new methodology to tackle common problems in fluid dynamics and rheology.