Beating no-go theorems by engineering defects in quantum spin models

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that introducing quenched disorder in quantum spin models can overcome fundamental no-go theorems, restoring quantum correlations like Bell violation and dense coding capabilities.

Contribution

It reveals that disorder can be engineered to revive quantum features in spin systems, challenging the limitations imposed by no-go theorems in ordered quantum models.

Findings

Disorder restores Bell inequality violation in spin models.

Quantum dense coding becomes possible with quenched disorder.

Disordered systems maintain translational invariance at the observable level.

Abstract

There exist diverse no-go theorems, ranging from no-cloning to monogamies of quantum correlations and Bell inequality violations, which restrict the processing of information in the quantum world. In a multipartite scenario, monogamy of Bell inequality violation and exclusion principle of dense coding are such theorems, which impede the ability of the system to have quantum advantage between all its parts. In ordered spin systems, the twin restrictions of translation invariance and monogamy of quantum correlations, in general, enforce the bipartite states to be neither Bell inequality violating nor dense-codeable. We show that these quantum characteristics, viz. Bell inequality violation and dense-codeability, can be resurrected, and thereby the no-go theorems overcome, by having quenched disorder in the system parameters leading to quantum spin glass or quantum random field models. We show that the quantum characteristics are regained even though the quenched averaging keeps the disordered spin chains translationally invariant at the physically relevant level of observables. The results show that it is possible to conquer constraints imposed by quantum mechanics in ordered systems by introducing impurities.