The study of beam loading effect in the CSNS/RCS

TL;DR

This paper investigates the beam loading effect in the CSNS/RCS accelerator using theoretical models and simulations to understand its impact on system stability.

Contribution

It develops a comprehensive beam loading model based on physical circuit and spectral analysis, implemented in the ORIENT simulation code.

Findings

Beam loading significantly affects RF system stability.

Simulation results provide insights into beam-induced voltage effects.

The model aids in optimizing high-intensity proton beam operation.

Abstract

CSNS/RCS accelerates a high-intensity proton beam from 80 MeV to 1.6 GeV. Since the beam current and beam power is high, the beam loading is a severe problem for the stability of the circulating beam in the RCS. To study the beam loading effect in the CSNS/RCS theoretically, the RLC circuit model of the rf cavity, the method of the Fast Fourier Transform and the method of Laplace transform have been employed to obtain the impedance of the rf system, the beam spectrum and the beam-induced voltage, respectively. Based on these physical models, the beam dynamics equations have been revised and a beam loading model has been constructed in the simulation code ORIENT. By using the code, the beam loading effect on the rf system of the CSNS/RCS has been investigated. Some simulation results have been obtained and conclusions have been drawn.