Harnessing quadratic optical response of two-dimensional materials through active microcavities

TL;DR

This paper introduces a method to significantly enhance second harmonic generation in 2D materials using active microcavities, enabling more efficient nonlinear optical processes for potential applications.

Contribution

It demonstrates a novel cavity-based approach to boost quadratic optical responses in 2D materials, surpassing free-standing efficiency without relying on phase-matching.

Findings

Resonant cavity enhances second harmonic generation efficiency by several orders of magnitude.

Efficiency is achieved through interplay between 2D geometry and cavity field oscillations.

Method is adaptable to various nonlinear optical interactions.

Abstract

We propose a method for efficiently harnessing the quadratic optical response of two-dimensional graphene-like materials by theoretically investigating second harmonic generation from a current biased sheet placed within a planar active microcavity. We show that, by tuning the cavity to resonate at the second harmonic frequency, a highly efficient frequency doubling process is achieved (several order of magnitude more efficient than the free-standing sheet). The efficiency of the process is not due to phase-matching, which is forbidden by the localization of the nonlinear quadratic response on the two-dimensional atomic layered material, but it stems from the interplay between the two-dimensional planar geometry of the nonlinear medium and the field oscillation within the active cavity near its threshold. The suggested method can easily be extended to different waves interactions and nonlinearities and therefore it can represent a basic tool for efficiently exploiting nonlinear optical properties of two-dimensional materials.