Quark ensembles with infinite correlation length

TL;DR

This paper develops an exactly integrable quantum field theory model of quark ensembles with infinite correlation length, revealing vacuum instabilities and supporting the BCS state as the ground state for color-interacting quarks.

Contribution

It introduces a new integrable model of quark ensembles with infinite correlation length and analyzes vacuum stability, highlighting the BCS state as the preferred ground state.

Findings

The model is exactly integrable.

Vacuum ensembles exhibit instability due to high degeneracy.

The BCS state is favored as the ground state.

Abstract

By studying quark ensembles with infinite correlation length we formulate the quantum field theory model that, as we show, is exactly integrable and develops an instability of its standard vacuum ensemble (the Dirac sea). We argue such an instability is rooted in high ground state degeneracy (for 'realistic' space-time dimensions) featuring a fairly specific form of energy distribution, and with the cutoff parameter going to infinity this inherent energy distribution becomes infinitely narrow and leads to large (unlimited) fluctuations. Analysing some possible vacuum ensembles such as the Dirac sea, neutral ensemble, color superconducting and BCS states we find out the strong arguments in favor of the BCS state as the ground state of color interacting quark ensemble.