Resolving a gravitational wave memory paradox

TL;DR

This paper clarifies a paradox in gravitational wave memory theory by demonstrating that two seemingly conflicting approaches are actually consistent upon closer examination.

Contribution

It resolves a paradox in gravitational wave memory by showing the agreement between two different perturbation theory methods.

Findings

The apparent contradiction between two approaches is resolved.

Both approaches are shown to be consistent.

Clarifies the theoretical understanding of gravitational wave memory.

Abstract

Two different approaches to gravitational perturbation theory appear to give two different answers for the properties of gravitational wave memory. We show that this contradiction is only apparent and the two approaches actually agree.