Ring model for trapped condensates with synthetic spin-orbit coupling

TL;DR

This paper develops an effective ring model in momentum space to understand trapped bosons with synthetic spin-orbit coupling, revealing unique interaction effects and phase structures like skyrmion lattices.

Contribution

It introduces a novel ring model that captures the effects of external confinement on interactions in spin-orbit coupled condensates, applicable to various spinor systems.

Findings

The ring model provides an intuitive phase diagram of trapped condensates.

It predicts the existence of skyrmion lattice phases.

The model is versatile for different spinor condensates.

Abstract

We derive an effective ring model in momentum space for trapped bosons with synthetic spin-orbit coupling. This effective model is characterized by a peculiar form of the inter particle interactions, which is crucially modified by the external confinement. The ring model allows for an intuitive understanding of the phase diagram of trapped condensates with isotropic spin-orbit coupling, and in particular for the existence of skyrmion lattice phases. The model, which may be generally applied for spinor condensates of arbitrary spin and spin-dependent interactions, is illustrated for the particular cases of spin-1/2 and spin-1 condensates.