A Model of Dustlike Spherically Symmetric Gravitational Collapse without Event Horizon Formation

TL;DR

This paper models spherically symmetric gravitational collapse with dust-like matter and thermal radiation, showing it asymptotically approaches a state without forming an event horizon, aligning with observations and black hole theorems.

Contribution

It introduces a new analytical model of gravitational collapse that avoids event horizon formation using a dust-like stress tensor and radial fluxes.

Findings

Collapse approaches a maximal deformation without horizon formation

Size remains slightly larger than Schwarzschild radius

Results consistent with black hole observations and theorems

Abstract

Some dynamical aspects of gravitational collapse are explored in this paper. A time-dependent spherically symmetric metric is proposed and the corresponding Einstein field equations are derived. An ultrarelativistic dust-like stress-momentum tensor is considered to obtain analytical solutions of these equations, with a perfect fluid consisting of two purely radial fluxes -the inwards flux of collapsing matter and the outwards flux of thermally emitted radiation. Thermal emission is calculated by means of a simplistic but illustrative model of unintercting collapsing shells. Our results show an asymptotic approach to a maxiamal spacetime deformation without the formation of event horizons. Tehe size of the body is slightly larger than the Schwarzschild radius during most of its lifetime, so that tehre is no contradiction with either observations or previous theorems concerning black holes. The relation of the latter with our results is scrutinized in detail.