Atomic filtering for hybrid continuous-variable/discrete-variable quantum optics

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates an atomic filter that selectively transmits frequency-degenerate photon pairs from an OPO, enabling high spectral purity and preservation of quantum features for hybrid quantum optics applications.

Contribution

The authors develop a modified FADOF filter that achieves high transmission and rejection, enabling spectral filtering of photon pairs for hybrid quantum optics.

Findings

Achieved 70% peak transmission with 57 dB rejection

Spectral purity of 96% for individual photons

Enabled generation of atom-resonant hybrid states

Abstract

We demonstrate atomic filtering of frequency-degenerate photon pairs from a sub-threshold optical parametric oscillator (OPO). The filter, a modified Faraday anomalous dispersion optical filter (FADOF), achieves 70% peak transmission simultaneous with 57 dB out-of-band rejection and a 445 MHz transmission bandwidth. When applied to the OPO output, only the degenerate mode, containing one-mode squeezed vacuum, falls in the filter pass-band; all other modes are strongly suppressed. The high transmission preserves non-classical continuous-variable features, e.g. squeezing or non-gaussianity, while the high spectral purity allows reliable discrete-variable detection and heralding. Correlation and atomic absorption measurements indicate a spectral purity of 96% for the individual photons, and 98% for the photon pairs. These capabilities will enable generation of atom-resonant hybrid states, e.g. "Schr\"odinger kittens" obtained by photon subtraction from squeezed vacuum, making these exotic states available for quantum networking and atomic quantum metrology applications.