Beam Dynamical Evolutions in a Solenoid Channel: A Review

TL;DR

This paper reviews the beam dynamics in a solenoid channel of a proton linear accelerator, focusing on LEBT solenoid settings and their effects on beam transport, using simulations and analytical interpretation.

Contribution

It provides an analysis of LEBT solenoid settings for proton linacs in the TAC project, combining simulation results with analytical insights.

Findings

Optimized solenoid settings improve beam focusing.

Simulation results align with analytical predictions.

Enhanced understanding of beam behavior in solenoid channels.

Abstract

Today a linear particle accelerator (linac), in which electric and magnetic fields are of vital importance, is one of the popular energy generation sources like Accelerator Driven System (ADS). A multipurpose, including primarily ADS, proton linac with energy of ~2 GeV is planned to constitute within the Turkish Accelerator Center (TAC) project collaborated by more than 10 Turkish universities. A Low Energy Beam Transport (LEBT) channel with two solenoids is a subcomponent of this linac. This solenoid channel transports the proton beam ejected by a proton source, and matches it with the Radio Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ) that is a subcomponent just after the LEBT. These solenoid magnets are used as focusing element to get the beam divergence and emittance growth under control. This paper includes settings of the LEBT solenoids with regard to beam dynamics, which investigates the beam particles motion in particle accelerators, for TAC proton linac done by using a beam dynamics simulation code PATH MANAGER. Furthermore, the simulation results have been interpreted analytically.