Azimuthal quadrupole correlation from gluon interference in 200 GeV and 7 TeV p+p collisions

TL;DR

This paper applies a gluon interference model based on the BFKL multi-Pomeron framework to explain long-range azimuthal correlations in proton-proton collisions at 200 GeV and 7 TeV, showing consistency with experimental data.

Contribution

It extends the BFKL multi-Pomeron model to the gluon saturation region and demonstrates its ability to reproduce observed azimuthal quadrupole correlations in high-energy p+p collisions.

Findings

Model predictions match 200 GeV data using saturation scales.

Predictions are consistent with 7 TeV high-multiplicity data.

Gluon interference mechanism can generate observed correlations.

Abstract

The Balitskii-Fadin-Kuraev-Lipatov (BFKL) multi-Pomeron model of Levin and Rezaeian, with extension to the gluon saturation region, is applied to long-range pseudorapidity correlations on relative azimuth for low momentum final-state hadrons produced in $\sqrt{s}$ = 200~GeV and 7~TeV p+p collisions. The multi-Pomeron exchange probabilities in the model were estimated by fitting the minimum-bias p+p multiplicity frequency distributions. The multi-Pomeron model prediction for the amplitude of the minimum-bias average quadrupole correlation, proportional to $\cos 2(\phi_1 - \phi_2)$, is consistent with the 200~GeV data when theoretically expected gluon saturation momentum scales are used. Correlation predictions for the high multiplicity 7~TeV p+p collision data are also consistent with the long-range pseudorapidity correlations at small relative azimuth observed in the data. The results presented here show that the present application of a multiple parton-shower, gluon interference mechanism for generating the long-range pseudorapidity, azimuthal quadrupole correlation is not excluded by the data.