Dark Nuclei I: Cosmology and Indirect Detection

TL;DR

This paper explores the cosmological and indirect detection implications of dark nuclei in composite dark matter models, highlighting unique signatures from dark nucleosynthesis and nuclear processes in the universe.

Contribution

It introduces the concept of dark nucleosynthesis affecting dark matter detection and cosmology, providing new mechanisms for indirect detection signals in asymmetric dark matter.

Findings

Dark nuclei can form in the early universe affecting dark matter abundance.

Dark nucleosynthesis provides a novel indirect detection channel for asymmetric dark matter.

A potential explanation for the galactic center gamma ray excess is proposed.

Abstract

In a companion paper (to be presented), lattice field theory methods are used to show that in two-color, two-flavor QCD there are stable nuclear states in the spectrum. As a commonly studied theory of composite dark matter, this motivates the consideration of possible nuclear physics in this and other composite dark sectors. In this work, early Universe cosmology and indirect detection signatures are explored for both symmetric and asymmetric dark matter, highlighting the unique features that arise from considerations of dark nuclei and associated dark nuclear processes. The present day dark matter abundance may be composed of dark nucleons and/or dark nuclei, where the latter are generated through it dark nucleosynthesis. For symmetric dark matter, indirect detection signatures are possible from annihilation, dark nucleosynthesis, and dark nuclear capture and we present a novel explanation of the galactic center gamma ray excess based on the latter. For asymmetric dark matter, dark nucleosynthesis may alter the capture of dark matter in stars, allowing for captured particles to be processed into nuclei and ejected from the star through dark nucleosynthesis in the core. Notably, dark nucleosynthesis realizes a novel mechanism for indirect detection signals of asymmetric dark matter from regions such as the galactic center, without having to rely on a symmetric dark matter component.