Magnetic hierarchical deposition

TL;DR

This paper investigates how hierarchical deposition models with spin interactions affect surface fractality, revealing that the logarithmic fractal structure is robust across different interaction regimes and is influenced by magnetic coupling.

Contribution

It introduces a spin-interacting hierarchical deposition model and analyzes how magnetic interactions influence the surface fractal properties, extending previous non-interacting models.

Findings

Logarithmic fractality persists despite spin interactions.

Ferromagnetic interactions cause a transition from Euclidean to fractal growth.

Antiferromagnetic interactions induce vacancies and surface roughness.

Abstract

We consider random deposition of debris or blocks on a line, with block sizes following a rigorous hierarchy: the linear size equals $1/\lambda^n$ in generation $n$, in terms of a rescaling factor $\lambda$. Without interactions between the blocks, this model is described by a logarithmic fractal, studied previously, which is characterized by a constant increment of the length, area or volume upon proliferation. We study to what extent the logarithmic fractality survives, if each block is equipped with an Ising (pseudo-)spin $s=\pm 1$ and the interactions between those spins are switched on (ranging from antiferromagnetic to ferromagnetic). It turns out that the dependence of the surface topology on the interaction sign and strength is not trivial. For instance, deep in the ferromagnetic regime, our numerical experiments and analytical results reveal a sharp crossover from a Euclidean transient, consisting of aggregated domains of aligned spins, to an asymptotic logarithmic fractal growth. In contrast, deep into the antiferromagnetic regime the surface roughness is important and is shown analytically to be controlled by vacancies induced by frustrated spins. Finally, in the weak interaction regime, we demonstrate that the non-interacting model is extremal in the sense that the effect of the introduction of interactions is only quadratic in the magnetic coupling strength. In all regimes, we demonstrate the adequacy of a mean-field approximation whenever vacancies are rare. In sum, the logarithmic fractal character is robust with respect to the introduction of spatial correlations in the hierarchical deposition process.