Construction of invariant whiskered tori by a parameterization method. Part II: Quasi-periodic and almost periodic breathers in coupled map lattices

TL;DR

This paper develops a method to construct quasi-periodic and almost periodic solutions in infinite lattice Hamiltonian systems, allowing for long-range couplings and solutions with non-decaying oscillations, using a Nash-Moser iterative scheme.

Contribution

It introduces a parameterization method and an a-posteriori theorem for invariant tori in coupled lattice systems, accommodating non-decaying solutions and long-range interactions.

Findings

Constructed solutions with non-decaying oscillations.

Developed a Nash-Moser scheme applicable to infinite-dimensional systems.

Enabled placement of multiple breathers to form complex solutions.

Abstract

We construct quasi-periodic and almost periodic solutions for coupled Hamiltonian systems on an infinite lattice which is translation invariant. The couplings can be long range, provided that they decay moderately fast with respect to the distance. For the solutions we construct, most of the sites are moving in a neighborhood of a hyperbolic fixed point, but there are oscillating sites clustered around a sequence of nodes. The amplitude of these oscillations does not need to tend to zero. In particular, the almost periodic solutions do not decay at infinity. We formulate an invariance equation. Solutions of this equation are embeddings of an invariant torus on which the motion is conjugate to a rotation. We show that, if there is an approximate solution of the invariance equation that satisfies some non-degeneracy conditions, there is a true solution close by. The proof of this \emph{a-posteriori} theorem is based on a Nash-Moser iteration, which does not use transformation theory. Simpler versions of the scheme were developed in E. Fontich, R. de la Llave,Y. Sire \emph{J. Differential. Equations.} {\bf 246}, 3136 (2009). One technical tool, important for our purposes, is the use of weighted spaces that capture the idea that the maps under consideration are local interactions. Using these weighted spaces, the estimates of iterative steps are similar to those in finite dimensional spaces. In particular, the estimates are independent of the number of nodes that get excited. Using these techniques, given two breathers, we can place them apart and obtain an approximate solution, which leads to a true solution nearby. By repeating the process infinitely often, we can get solutions with infinitely many frequencies which do not tend to zero at infinity.