Decomposing Entropy Productions by Double Control Parameters

TL;DR

This paper investigates entropy production in systems with two control parameters, addressing apparent violations of the second law at microscopic levels by introducing a thermal fluctuation component and defining new entropy measures at the macroscopic level.

Contribution

It introduces a framework for decomposing entropy production in systems with double control parameters, including a thermal fluctuation component and new entropy definitions at the macroscopic level.

Findings

Thermal fluctuation part resolves apparent second law violations.

Negative and compensating entropy productions are defined at the macroscopic level.

Framework enhances understanding of entropy in controlled thermodynamic systems.

Abstract

In the present work, we study the entropy productions in a system controlled by double control parameters. By introducing a thermal fluctuation part, we solve the problem that the second law of the thermodynamics seems to be violated by the thermal fluctuation near equilibrium in the microscopic levels. Then we define the negative and the compensating entropy productions in the macroscopic levels.