TL;DR
This paper reviews and develops chemical evolution models for M31, incorporating radial gas flows and galactic fountains, to understand its chemical history and potential habitable zones, revealing faster evolution compared to the Milky Way.
Contribution
It introduces a comprehensive chemical evolution model for M31, including the bulge and disk, with new insights into its formation timescales and habitability prospects.
Findings
M31 evolved faster than the Milky Way.
Bulge formed within 0.5 Gyr, faster than the disk.
Model predicts chemical abundances matching observations.
Abstract
We review chemical evolution models developed for M31 as well as the abundance determinations available for this galaxy. Then we present a recent chemical evolution model for M31 including radial gas flows and galactic fountains along the disk, as well as a model for the bulge. Our models are predicting the evolution of the abundances of several chemical species such as H, He, C, N, O, Ne, Mg, Si, S, Ca and Fe. From comparison between model predictions and observations we can derive some constraints on the evolution of the disk and the bulge of M31. We reach the conclusions that Andromeda must have evolved faster than the Milky Way and inside-out, and that its bulge formed much faster than the disk on a timescale 0.5 Gyr. Finally, we present a study where we apply the model developed for the disk of M31 in order to study the probability of finding galactic habitable zones in this…
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