Two coupled qubits interacting with a thermal bath: A comparative study of different models

TL;DR

This study compares two models of system-reservoir interaction for two coupled qubits, revealing significant differences in predicted dynamics and emphasizing the importance of model choice in quantum decoherence analysis.

Contribution

It introduces a comparative analysis of microscopic and phenomenological models for coupled qubits interacting with a thermal bath, highlighting their discrepancies.

Findings

Significant disagreements between models in weak coupling regimes.

Phenomenological model predicts unphysical thermalization behavior.

Microscopic model provides more accurate predictions of qubit dynamics.

Abstract

We investigate a system of two interacting qubits having one of them isolated and the other coupled to a thermal reservoir. We consider two different models of system-reservoir interaction: i) a "microscopic" model, in which the master equation is derived taking into account the interaction between the two subsystems (qubits), ii) a naive "phenomenological" model, in which the master equation consists of a dissipative term added to the unitary evolution term. We study the dynamics of quantities such as bipartite entanglement, quantum discord and the linear entropy of the isolated qubit for both strong and weak coupling regimes (qubit-qubit interaction) as well as for different temperatures of the reservoir. We find significant disagreements between the results obtained from the two models even in the weak coupling regime. For instance, we show that according to the phenomenological model, the isolated qubit would approach a maximally mixed state more slowly for higher temperatures (unphysical result), while the microscopic model predicts the opposite behaviour (correct result).