The critical tension in the Cascading DGP model

TL;DR

This paper investigates the behavior of gravitational perturbations in a 6D Cascading DGP model, revealing a critical tension threshold that determines whether the scalar mode is a ghost, and proposing a refined analysis that allows for ghost-free configurations.

Contribution

The study provides a new analysis of scalar perturbations in the 6D Cascading DGP model, identifying a different critical tension and demonstrating the possibility of ghost-free models for all parameter values.

Findings

The trace of metric perturbations obeys a decoupled equation indicating ghost presence below a critical tension.

A new critical tension value is identified, differing from previous literature.

Ghost-free models can be constructed by appropriately choosing the background tension.

Abstract

We study the behaviour of weak gravitational fields in the 6D Cascading DGP model using a bulk-based approach. To deal with the ambiguity in the thin limit of branes of codimension higher than one, we consider a specific regularization of the internal structure of the branes where the 5D brane can be considered thin with respect to the 4D one. We consider the solutions corresponding to pure tension sources on the 4D brane, and study perturbations at first order around these background solutions. We adopt a 4D scalar-vector-tensor decomposition, and focus on the scalar sector of perturbations. We show that, in a suitable 4D limit, the trace part of the 4D metric perturbations obeys a decoupled equation which suggests that it is a ghost for background tensions smaller than a critical tension, while it is a healthy field otherwise. We give a geometrical interpretation of the existence of the critical tension and of the reason why the relevant field is a ghost or not depending on the background tension. We however find a value of the critical tension which is different from the one already found in the literature. Differently from the results in the literature, our analysis implies that, choosing the background tension suitably, we can construct ghost-free models for any value of the free parameters of the theory. We suggest that the difference lies in the procedure used to evaluate the pillbox integration across the codimension-2 brane. We confirm the validity of our analysis by performing numerically the integration in a particular case where the solution inside the thick cod-2 brane is known exactly. We stress that the singular structure of the perturbation fields in the nested branes set-ups is very subtle, and that great care has to be taken when deriving the codimension-2 junction conditions.