Evaluation of two thermal neutron detection units consisting of ZnS/${}^6$LiF scintillating layers with embedded WLS fibers read out with a SiPM

TL;DR

This paper evaluates two thermal neutron detection units using ZnS/${}^6$LiF scintillating layers with embedded WLS fibers read out by SiPMs, demonstrating high efficiency and low background noise in neutron beam tests.

Contribution

It introduces a novel neutron detection unit design with SiPM readout of WLS fibers, offering improved performance over traditional photomultiplier-based systems.

Findings

Achieved 80% trigger efficiency with high dark count SiPMs.

System background rate below 10^{-3} Hz.

Stable performance up to 3.6 kHz neutron count rate.

Abstract

Two single channel detection units for thermal neutron detection are investigated in a neutron beam. They consist of two ZnS/${}^6$LiF scintillating layers sandwiching an array of WLS fibers. The pattern of this units can be repeated laterally and vertically in order to build up a one dimensional position sensitive multi-channel detector with the needed sensitive surface and with the required neutron absorption probability. The originality of this work arises from the fact that the WLS fibers are read out with SiPMs instead of the traditionally used PMTs or MaPMTs. The signal processing system is based on a photon counting approach. For SiPMs with a dark count rate as high as 0.7 MHz, a trigger efficiency of 80% is achieved together with a system background rate lower than ${10}^{-3}$ Hz and a dead time of 30 $\mu$s. No change of performance is observed for neutron count rates of up to 3.6 kHz.