A PMU Scheduling Scheme for Transmission of Synchrophasor Data in Electric Power Systems

TL;DR

This paper proposes a PMU scheduling scheme for power grid data transmission that improves fault detection performance by organizing PMU transmissions based on electrical connectedness, enhancing communication robustness.

Contribution

It introduces a novel scheduling policy for PMU data transmission that is independent of placement strategies and tailored for power network characteristics.

Findings

Scheduling improves fault detection accuracy.

Performance surpasses random transmission strategies.

Scheme is adaptable to grid electrical connectedness.

Abstract

With the proposition to install a large number of phasor measurement units (PMUs) in the future power grid, it is essential to provide robust communications infrastructure for phasor data across the network. We make progress in this direction by devising a simple time division multiplexing scheme for transmitting phasor data from the PMUs to a central server: Time is divided into frames and the PMUs take turns to transmit to the control center within the time frame. The main contribution of this work is a scheduling policy based on which PMU transmissions are ordered during a time frame. The scheduling scheme is independent of the approach taken to solve the PMU placement problem, and unlike strategies devised for conventional communications, it is intended for the power network since it is fully governed by the measure of electrical connectedness between buses in the grid. To quantify the performance of the scheduling scheme, we couple it with a fault detection algorithm used to detect changes in the susceptance parameters in the grid. Results demonstrate that scheduling the PMU transmissions leads to an improved performance of the fault detection scheme compared to PMUs transmitting at random.