Realization of lepton masses and mixing angles from point interactions in an extra dimension

TL;DR

This paper presents a model with extra dimensions and point interactions that successfully reproduces lepton and quark masses, mixing angles, and CP violation without relying on traditional mechanisms like the see-saw, aligning with experimental data.

Contribution

It introduces a novel extra-dimensional framework with point interactions to generate fermion mass hierarchies and mixing angles, including CP violation, without symmetries in Yukawa couplings.

Findings

Reproduces tiny neutrino masses and lepton mixing angles.

Achieves quark and lepton mass hierarchies with high accuracy.

Provides a common origin for CP violation from a complex Higgs VEV.

Abstract

We investigate a model on an extra dimension $S^1$ where plenty of effective boundary points described by point interactions (zero-thickness branes) are arranged. After suitably selecting the conditions on these points for each type of five-dimensional fields, we realize the tiny active neutrino masses, the charged lepton mass hierarchy, and lepton mixings with a CP-violating phase, simultaneously. Not only the quark's but also the lepton's configurations are generated in a unified way with acceptable accuracy, with neither the see-saw mechanism nor symmetries in Yukawa couplings, by suitably setting the model parameters, even though their flavor structures are dissimilar each other. One remarkable point is that a complex vacuum expectation value of the five-dimensional Higgs doublet in this model becomes the common origin of the CP violation in both quark and lepton sectors. The model can be consistent with the results of the precision electroweak measurements and Large Hadron Collider experiments.