Initiating the effective unification of black hole horizon area and entropy quantization with quasi-normal modes

TL;DR

This paper advances black hole quantum properties by unifying horizon area and entropy quantization through quasi-normal modes, transitioning from strictly to non-strictly thermal spectra with entropy considerations.

Contribution

It introduces a generalized framework linking black hole horizon area and entropy quantization via quasi-normal modes, bridging previous models.

Findings

Unified spectrum from thermal to non-thermal levels

Inclusion of entropy calculations in quantization

Characterization of transitions with effective states

Abstract

Black hole (BH) quantization may be the key to unlocking a unifying theory of quantum gravity (QG). Surmounting evidence in the field of BH research continues to support a horizon (surface) area with a discrete and uniformly spaced spectrum, but there is still no general agreement on the level spacing. In this specialized and important BH case study, our objective is to report and examine the pertinent groundbreaking work of the strictly thermal and non-strictly thermal spectrum level spacing of the BH horizon area quantization with included entropy calculations, which aims to tackle this gigantic problem. In particular, this work exemplifies a series of imperative corrections that eventually permits a BH's horizon area spectrum to be generalized from strictly thermal to non-strictly thermal with entropy results, thereby capturing multiple preceding developments by launching an effective unification between them. Moreover, the identified results are significant because quasi-normal modes (QNM) and "effective states" characterize the transitions between the established levels of the non-strictly thermal spectrum.