jahmm: A tool for discretizing multiple ChIP seq profiles

TL;DR

jahmm is an R package that uses a Hidden Markov Model with mixture negative multinomial emissions to discretize multiple ChIP-seq profiles, enabling consistent comparison and merging of datasets from different experiments.

Contribution

It introduces a novel HMM-based method for discretizing multiple ChIP-seq profiles simultaneously, resolving conflicts among replicates and datasets.

Findings

Effective discretization across diverse features

Enables merging datasets from different sources

Includes a quality control step for discretization validation

Abstract

Chromatin immunoprecipitation and high throughput sequencing (ChIP-seq) is the de facto standard method to map chromatin features on genomes. The output of ChIP-seq is quantitative within a single genome-wide profile, but there is no natural way to compare experiments, which is why the data is often discretized as present/absent calls. Many tools perform this task efficiently, however they process a single input at a time, which produces discretization conflicts among replicates. Here we present the implementation of a Hidden Markov Model (HMM) using mixture negative multinomial emissions to discretize ChIP-seq profiles. The method gives meaningful discretization for a wide range of features and allows to merge datasets from different origins into a single discretized profile, which resolves discretization conflicts. A quality control step performed after the discretization accepts or rejects the discretization as a whole. The implementation of the model is called jahmm, and it is available as an R package. The source can be downloaded from http://github.com/gui11aume/jahmm