On Global $\mathcal P$-Forms

TL;DR

This paper investigates the properties and fundamental questions surrounding global -forms, a mathematical structure linked to permutation polynomials over finite fields, extending prior work from specific cases to more general settings.

Contribution

The paper explores key properties of global -forms, addressing open questions and extending the theory beyond previously studied cases.

Findings

Some fundamental questions about global -forms are answered.

The study extends the understanding of global -forms to broader finite field contexts.

Open problems in the theory of global -forms are identified for future research.

Abstract

Let $\Bbb F_q$ be a finite field with $\text{char}\,\Bbb F_q=p$ and $n>0$ an integer with $\text{gcd}(n, \log_pq)=1$. Let $(\ )^*:\Bbb F_q({\tt x}_0,\dots,{\tt x}_{n-1})\to\Bbb F_q({\tt x}_0,\dots,{\tt x}_{n-1})$ be the $\Bbb F_q$-monomorphism defined by ${\tt x}_i^*={\tt x}_{i+1}$ for $0\le i< n-1$ and ${\tt x}_{n-1}^*={\tt x}_0^q$. For $f,g\in\Bbb F_q({\tt x}_0,\dots,{\tt x}_{n-1})\setminus\Bbb F_q$, define $f\circ g=f(g,g^*,\dots,g^{(n-1)*})$. Then $(\Bbb F_q({\tt x}_0,\dots,{\tt x}_{n-1})\setminus\Bbb F_q,\,\circ)$ is a monoid whose invertible elements are called global $\mathcal P$-forms. Global $\mathcal P$-forms were first introduced by H. Dobbertin in 2001 with $q=2$ to study certain type of permutation polynomials of $\Bbb F_{2^m}$ with $\text{gcd}(m,n)=1$; global $\mathcal P$-forms with $q=p$ for an arbitrary prime $p$ were considered by W. More in 2005. In this paper, we discuss some fundamental questions about global $\mathcal P$-forms, some of which are answered and others remain open.