Light vector meson masses in strange hadronic matter -- a QCD sum rule approach

TL;DR

This paper investigates how the masses of light vector mesons ($ ho$, $ ext{omega}$, $ ext{phi}$) change in strange hadronic matter using QCD sum rules, considering medium modifications of condensates and the effects of strangeness and isospin asymmetry.

Contribution

It introduces a comprehensive QCD sum rule analysis of vector meson masses in strange hadronic matter, incorporating chiral SU(3) model calculations of condensates and medium effects.

Findings

The $ ext{omega}$ meson mass initially drops then rises with density.

The $ ho$ meson mass decreases with density due to condensate reduction.

The $ ext{phi}$ meson mass shows marginal change but increases with strangeness.

Abstract

We study the properties of the light vector mesons ($\rho$, $\omega$ and $\phi$) in strange hadronic matter using the QCD sum rule approach. The in-medium masses of the vector mesons are calculated from the modifications of the light quark condensates and the gluon condensates in the hadronic medium. The light quark condensates in the hadronic matter are obtained from the values of the non strange and strange scalar fields of the explicit chiral symmetry breaking term in a chiral SU(3) model. The in-medium gluon condensate is calculated through the medium modification of a scalar dilaton field, which is introduced into the chiral SU(3) model to simulate the scale symmetry breaking of QCD. The mass of the $\omega$ meson is observed to have initially a drop with increase in density and then a rise due to the scattering with the baryons. The mass of the $\rho$ meson is seen to drop with density due to decrease of the light quark condensates in the medium. The effects of isospin asymmetry and strangeness of the medium on the masses of the vector mesons are also studied in the present work. The $\phi$ meson is observed to have marginal drop in its mass in the nuclear medium. However, the strangeness of the medium is seen to lead to an appreciable increase in its mass arising due to scattering with the hyperons.