The history of a quiet-Sun magnetic element revealed by IMaX/SUNRISE
Iker S. Requerey, Jose Carlos Del Toro Iniesta, Luis R. Bellot Rubio,, Jos\'e A. Bonet, Valent\'in Mart\'inez Pillet, Sami K. Solanki, Wolfgang, Schmidt

TL;DR
This study presents high-resolution observations of a quiet-Sun magnetic flux tube, revealing its complex formation, evolution, and fine structure, challenging simplified models and providing new insights into solar magnetic elements.
Contribution
First detailed observational analysis of a quiet-Sun magnetic flux tube's formation and evolution at unprecedented resolution, highlighting complex internal structure and dynamic processes.
Findings
Magnetic flux tube formed by merging flux patches and convective collapse.
Fine structure includes bright points, downflow plumes, and complex edge features.
Magnetic field strength varies in anti-phase with area, brightness, and flows.
Abstract
Isolated flux tubes are considered to be fundamental magnetic building blocks of the solar photosphere. Their formation is usually attributed to the concentration of magnetic field to kG strengths by the convective collapse mechanism. However, the small size of the magnetic elements in quiet-Sun areas has prevented this scenario from being studied in fully resolved structures. Here we report on the formation and subsequent evolution of one such photospheric magnetic flux tube, observed in the quiet Sun with unprecedented spatial resolution (0\farcs 15 - 0\farcs 18) and high temporal cadence (33 s). The observations were acquired by the Imaging Magnetograph Experiment (IMaX) aboard the \textsc{Sunrise} balloon-borne solar observatory. The equipartition field strength magnetic element is the result of the merging of several same polarity magnetic flux patches, including a footpoint of a…
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