Spontaneous magnetization and anomalous Hall effect in an emergent Dice lattice

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates the creation of artificial gauge fields in ultracold fermions trapped in a shaken optical lattice, leading to observable anomalous Hall effects and emergent Dice lattice structures with controllable synthetic magnetic flux.

Contribution

It introduces a method to engineer non-Abelian synthetic gauge fields and emergent lattice geometries in ultracold atoms, enabling the study of Hall effects in neutral atomic systems.

Findings

Observation of anomalous Hall effect in ultracold fermions

Control over synthetic magnetic flux via external parameters

Realization of an emergent Dice lattice structure

Abstract

Ultracold atoms in optical lattices serve as a tool to model different physical phenomena appearing originally in condensed matter. To study magnetic phenomena one needs to engineer synthetic fields as atoms are neutral. Appropriately shaped optical potentials force atoms to mimic charged particles moving in a given field. We present the realization of artificial gauge fields for the observation of anomalous Hall effect. Two species of attractively interacting ultracold fermions are considered to be trapped in a shaken two dimensional triangular lattice. A combination of interaction induced tunneling and shaking can result in an emergent Dice lattice. In such a lattice the staggered synthetic magnetic flux appears and it can be controlled with external parameters. The obtained synthetic fields are non-Abelian. Depending on the tuning of the staggered flux we can obtain either anomalous Hall effect or its quantized version. Our results are reminiscent of Anomalous Hall conductivity in spin-orbit coupled ferromagnets.