Local $L^2$-regularity of Riemann's Fourier series

TL;DR

This paper investigates the convergence and local $L^2$-regularity of Riemann's lacunary Fourier series, showing how these properties depend on Diophantine conditions on the points of evaluation.

Contribution

It establishes convergence criteria and analyzes the local $L^2$-regularity of the series for $1/2<s extless=1$, highlighting the influence of Diophantine conditions.

Findings

Series converges under Diophantine conditions.

Local $L^2$-norm varies with Diophantine properties of $x$.

Different regularity behavior depending on the point $x$.

Abstract

We are interested in the convergence and the local regularity of the lacunary Fourier series $F_s(x) = \sum_{n=1}^{+\infty} \frac{e^{2i\pi n^2 x}}{n^s}$. In the 1850's, Riemann introduced the series $F_2$ as a possible example of nowhere differentiable function, and the study of this function has drawn the interest of many mathematicians since then. We focus on the case when $1/2<s\leq 1$, and we prove that $F_s(x)$ converges when $x$ satisfies a Diophantine condition. We also study the $L^2$- local regularity of $F_s$, proving that the local $L^2$-norm of $F_s$ around a point $x$ behave differently around different $x$, according again to Diophantine conditions on $x$.