Spectrum multiplexing and coherent-state decomposition in Fourier ptychographic imaging

TL;DR

This paper introduces a state-multiplexed Fourier ptychography technique that enables information multiplexing and coherent-state decomposition, improving high-resolution imaging and spectral multiplexing using incoherent light source combinations.

Contribution

It presents a novel microscopy method that allows decomposition of incoherent mixtures in Fourier ptychography, facilitating spectral multiplexing and potentially advancing computational multispectral imaging.

Findings

Successfully decomposes incoherent mixtures into high-resolution images

Enables color-multiplexed imaging with R/G/B LEDs

Offers a solution for handling partial coherence in Fourier ptychography

Abstract

Information multiplexing is important for biomedical imaging and chemical sensing. In this paper, we report a microscopy imaging technique, termed state-multiplexed Fourier ptychography (FP), for information multiplexing and coherent-state decomposition. Similar to a typical Fourier ptychographic setting, we use an array of light sources to illuminate the sample from different incident angles and acquire corresponding low-resolution images using a monochromatic camera. In the reported technique, however, multiple light sources are lit up simultaneously for information multiplexing, and the acquired images thus represent incoherent summations of the sample transmission profiles corresponding to different coherent states. We show that, by using the state-multiplexed FP recovery routine, we can decompose the incoherent mixture of the FP acquisitions to recover a high-resolution sample image. We also show that, color-multiplexed imaging can be performed by simultaneously turning on R/G/B LEDs for data acquisition. The reported technique may provide a solution for handling the partially coherent effect of light sources used in Fourier ptychographic imaging platforms. It can also be used to replace spectral filter, gratings or other optical components for spectral multiplexing and demultiplexing. With the availability of cost-effective broadband LEDs, the reported technique may open up exciting opportunities for computational multispectral imaging.