Stability of trapless Bose-Einstein condensates with two- and three-body interactions

TL;DR

This paper investigates how adding three-body interactions can stabilize trapless Bose-Einstein condensates, demonstrating through analytical and numerical methods that such interactions enhance stability and can be controlled over time.

Contribution

It introduces the role of three-body interactions in stabilizing trapless BECs, extending prior two-body interaction models with analytical and numerical validation.

Findings

Three-body interactions enhance condensate stability.

Stability can be maintained with time-varying three-body interactions.

Numerical simulations confirm analytical predictions.

Abstract

We study the stabilization of a trapless Bose-Einstein condensate by analysing the mean-field Gross-Pitaevskii equation with attractive two- and three-body interactions through both analytical and numerical methods. Using the variational method we show that there is an enhancement of the condensate stability due to the inclusion of a three-body interaction in addition to the two-body interaction. We also study the stability of the condensates in the presence of the time-varying three-body interaction. Finally we confirm the stabilization of a trapless condensate from numerical simulation.