Exotic Four Quark Matter: $Z_1(4475)$

TL;DR

This paper explores various theoretical interpretations of the exotic $Z_1(4475)$ resonance, predicting decay patterns to aid in identifying its true nature, whether as a tetraquark or molecular state.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive analysis of possible exotic configurations of $Z_1(4475)$ and predicts decay patterns using heavy quark symmetry to distinguish among them.

Findings

Predicted radiative decay patterns for $Z_1(4475)$

Predicted hidden-charm and open-charm decay modes

Provided criteria to differentiate molecular and tetraquark states

Abstract

Motivated by the LHCb's recent confirmation of $Z_1(4475)$ as the $J^P=1^+$ resonance, we investigate various exotic interpretations of $Z_1(4475)$, which may be an axial vector tetraquark state, the P-wave excitation of the S-wave $D_1 {\bar D}^\ast$ or $D_2 {\bar D}^\ast$ molecule, the S-wave molecule composed of a $D$ or $D^*$ meson and a D-wave vector $D$ meson, or the cousin molecular state of $Z_c(3900)$ and $Z_c(4020)$ composed of a $D$ or $D^*$ meson and their radial excitations. With the help of the heavy quark symmetry, we predict the typical radiative and hidden-charm and open-charm strong decay patterns of $Z_1(4475)$, which are crucial to further identify the molecular state assignment of $Z_1(4475)$.