Self-destructive percolation as a limit of forest-fire models on regular rooted trees

TL;DR

This paper studies a forest-fire model on regular rooted trees, showing that under certain lightning decay conditions, the process converges to a self-destructive percolation limit with a phase of infinite cluster removal.

Contribution

It introduces a dynamic self-destructive percolation process as a limit of forest-fire models on trees with specific lightning decay rates.

Findings

Existence of a supercritical time where infinite clusters are destroyed.

Convergence of the forest-fire process to a self-destructive percolation limit.

Finite clusters after a certain time in the limiting process.

Abstract

Let $T$ be a regular rooted tree. For every natural number $n$, let $B_n$ be the finite subtree of vertices with graph distance at most $n$ from the root. Consider the following forest-fire model on $B_n$: Each vertex can be "vacant" or "occupied". At time $0$ all vertices are vacant. Then the process is governed by two opposing mechanisms: Vertices become occupied at rate $1$, independently for all vertices. Independently thereof and independently for all vertices, "lightning" hits vertices at rate $\lambda(n) > 0$. When a vertex is hit by lightning, its occupied cluster instantaneously becomes vacant. Now suppose that $\lambda(n)$ decays exponentially in $n$ but much more slowly than $1/|B_n|$. We show that then there exist a supercritical time $\tau$ and $\epsilon > 0$ such that the forest-fire model on $B_n$ between time $0$ and time $\tau + \epsilon$ tends to the following process on $T$ as $n$ goes to infinity: At time $0$ all vertices are vacant. Between time $0$ and time $\tau$ vertices become occupied at rate $1$, independently for all vertices. At time $\tau$ all infinite occupied clusters become vacant. Between time $\tau$ and time $\tau + \epsilon$ vertices again become occupied at rate $1$, independently for all vertices. At time $\tau + \epsilon$ all occupied clusters are finite. This process is a dynamic version of self-destructive percolation.