Additive Spanners: A Simple Construction

TL;DR

This paper presents a simple iterative method for constructing additive spanners in unweighted graphs, achieving sizes comparable to the best known bounds for additive 2- and 6-spanners.

Contribution

It introduces a straightforward naive approach that, starting from simple initial graphs, constructs additive spanners matching optimal size bounds for specific additive stretch values.

Findings

Constructs additive 2-spanners with O(n^{3/2}) edges.

Builds additive 6-spanners with O(n^{4/3}) edges.

Uses a simple iterative method matching best known bounds.

Abstract

We consider additive spanners of unweighted undirected graphs. Let $G$ be a graph and $H$ a subgraph of $G$. The most na\"ive way to construct an additive $k$-spanner of $G$ is the following: As long as $H$ is not an additive $k$-spanner repeat: Find a pair $(u,v) \in H$ that violates the spanner-condition and a shortest path from $u$ to $v$ in $G$. Add the edges of this path to $H$. We show that, with a very simple initial graph $H$, this na\"ive method gives additive $6$- and $2$-spanners of sizes matching the best known upper bounds. For additive $2$-spanners we start with $H=\emptyset$ and end with $O(n^{3/2})$ edges in the spanner. For additive $6$-spanners we start with $H$ containing $\lfloor n^{1/3} \rfloor$ arbitrary edges incident to each node and end with a spanner of size $O(n^{4/3})$.