Testing of Dark Energy and a Solution of the Cosmological Constant Problem

TL;DR

This paper proposes that dark energy is vacuum energy, which decreases over cosmic time through physical processes, offering a potential solution to the cosmological constant problem with numerical estimates of its evolution.

Contribution

It introduces a novel explanation that dark energy originates from vacuum energy and details how physical processes reduce its magnitude during universe expansion.

Findings

Vacuum energy decreases by 123 orders through physical processes.

Quantum phase transitions are more effective in reducing vacuum energy.

Numerical estimates of dark energy evolution are provided.

Abstract

A probable solution of the cosmological constant problem was recently found. We propose that dark energy of the Universe is vacuum energy. Our Universe during its expansion is spending its vacuum energy for creation of new quantum states, but in the quantum regime phase transitions were more effective in reducing the vacuum energy than creation of new quantum states. Here we show how the 123 crisis orders of the vacuum energy are reduced by conventional physical processes in both the quantum and classical regimes of the Universe evolution. Numeral estimates of dark energy evolution are also presented.