The semileptonic decays of $B/B_s$ meson in the perturbative QCD approach: A short review

TL;DR

This review discusses the theoretical and experimental status of semileptonic $B/B_s$ meson decays, emphasizing pQCD predictions that align well with data and proposing new ratios for future experimental tests.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive overview of form factor evaluations and demonstrates the success of the pQCD approach in explaining semileptonic decay data, including the $R(D^{(*)})$ anomalies.

Findings

pQCD predictions agree with experimental data

pQCD explains $R(D^{(*)})$ anomalies within the Standard Model

New ratios $R_D^{l, au}$ and $R_{D_s}^{l, au}$ are proposed for sensitive tests

Abstract

In this short review, we present the current status about the theoretical and experimental studies for some important semileptonic decays of $B/B_s$ mesons. We firstly gave a brief introduction for the experimental measurements for $B/B_s \to P (l^+l^-, l^-\bar{\nu}_l, \nu \bar{\nu})$ decays, the BaBar's $R(D)$ and $R(D^*)$ anomaly, the $P_5^\prime$ deviation for $B^0 \to K^{*0} \mu^+ \mu^-$ decay. We then made a careful discussion about the evaluations for the relevant form factors in the light-cone QCD sum rule (LCSRs), the heavy quark effective theory, and the perturbative QCD factorization approach. By using the form factors calculated in the perturbative (pQCD) approach, we then calculate and show the pQCD predictions for the decay rates of many semileptonic decays of $B/B_s$ mesons. We also made careful phenomenological analysis for these pQCD predictions and found, in general, the following points: (a) For all the considered $B/B_s$ semileptonic decays, the next-to-leading order (NLO) pQCD predictions for their decay rates agree well with the data and those from other different theoretical methods; (b) For $R(D)$ and $R(D^*)$, the pQCD predictions agree very well with the data, the BaBar's anomaly of $R(D^{(*)})$ are therefore explained successfully in the standard model by employing the pQCD approach; and (c) We defined several new ratios $R_D^{l,\tau}$ and $R_{D_s}^{l,\tau}$, they may be more sensitive to the QCD dynamics which controls the $B/B_s \to (D^{(*)},D_s^{(*)})$ transitions than the old ratios, we therefore strongly suggest LHCb and the forthcoming Super-B experiments to measure these new ratios.