Under Augustus sign: the role of Astronomy in the foundation of Augusta Praetoria Salassorum

TL;DR

This paper explores how the ancient city of Augusta Praetoria Salassorum was likely aligned with astronomical events, specifically the winter solstice and Capricorn, to symbolize Augustus's association with cosmic renewal.

Contribution

It presents an archaeoastronomical analysis linking the city's orientation to celestial signs, highlighting the role of astronomy in Roman urban planning and imperial symbolism.

Findings

City orientation aligns with winter solstice and Capricorn

Astronomical symbolism linked to Augustus's imperial ideology

Supports the idea of celestial influence in ancient city foundations

Abstract

Augusta Praetoria Salassorum, modern Aosta, was founded around 25 BC to celebrate the victory of Augustus army on the Salassi. Aosta is a city of the founder under many respects; for instance, one of the two twin temples of the forum was devoted to Augustus, and a huge triumphal arc to the ruler still welcomes the town visitors. Recently, a sculpted block has been uncovered, still in its original position, on a corner of one of the town towers. The block carries reliefs, such as a plough and a spade, which are clearly related to the town foundation ritual. As a consequence, we carried out an archaeoastronomical analysis of the original urban plan taking into account the complex natural horizon of the Alps in which Aosta valley is nested. The results show that the town was very likely oriented in such a way as to pinpoint Augustus associations with the cosmic signs of renewal: the winter solstice and the Capricorn.