Service based hight-speed railway base station arrangement

TL;DR

This paper analyzes the optimal deployment of base stations along high-speed railways to ensure stable, high data rate wireless access, revealing how train velocity influences service coverage and station spacing.

Contribution

It introduces a novel service-based framework for base station placement considering train velocity and applies it to irregular rail curves and transmission strategies.

Findings

Total service per base station is inversely proportional to train velocity.

Base station interval remains constant if service ratio is fixed, regardless of velocity.

Interval increases with velocity if a fixed service amount is required.

Abstract

To provide stable and high data rate wireless access for passengers in the train, it is necessary to properly deploy base stations along the railway. We consider this issue from the perspective of service, which is defined as the integral of the time-varying instantaneous channel capacity. With large-scale fading assumption, it will be shown that the total service of each base station is inversely proportional to the velocity of the train. Besides, we find that if the ratio of the service provided by a base station in its service region to its total service is given, the base station interval (i.e. the distance between two adjacent base stations) is a constant regardless of the velocity of the train. On the other hand, if a certain amount of service is required, the interval will increase with the velocity of the train. The above results apply not only to simple curve rails, like line rail and arc rail, but also to any irregular curve rail, provided that the train is travelling at a constant velocity. Furthermore, the new developed results are applied to analyze the on-off transmission strategy of base stations.