Wigner function description of entanglement swapping using parametric down conversion: the role of vacuum fluctuations in teleportation

TL;DR

This paper uses the Wigner formalism to analyze how vacuum fluctuations influence entanglement swapping in parametric down conversion, highlighting the role of zero-point field correlations in quantum teleportation.

Contribution

It provides a novel analysis of entanglement swapping using the Wigner formalism, emphasizing the impact of vacuum fluctuations on the process.

Findings

Entanglement generation is linked to quadruple correlations of the electromagnetic field.

Vacuum fluctuations play a crucial role in the transfer of entanglement.

The relationship between zeropoint inputs and entanglement transfer is clarified.

Abstract

We apply the Wigner formalism of quantum optics to study the role of the zeropoint field fluctuations in entanglement swapping produced via parametric down conversion. It is shown that the generation of mode entanglement between two initially non interacting photons is related to the quadruple correlation properties of the electromagnetic field, through the stochastic properties of the vacuum. The relationship between the process of transferring entanglement and the different zeropoint inputs at the nonlinear crystal and the Bell-state analyser is emphasized.