New Concepts for Old Black Holes

TL;DR

This paper explores new theoretical concepts resolving the AMPS paradox by linking black hole interiors, entanglement, and quantum information, proposing mechanisms like ER=EPR and fault-tolerant messages.

Contribution

It introduces novel mechanisms such as ER=EPR, precursors, and timefolds, to resolve black hole paradoxes and clarifies the black hole interior as a fault-tolerant, negative information message.

Findings

ER=EPR connection elucidated

Black hole interior as a fault-tolerant message modeled

Relation between Wilson loops and precursors clarified

Abstract

It has been argued that the AMPS paradox implies catastrophic breakdown of the equivalence principle in the neighborhood of a black hole horizon, or even the non-existence of any spacetime at all behind the horizon. Maldacena and the author suggested a different resolution of the paradox based on the close relationship between Einstein-Rosen bridges and Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen entanglement. In this paper the new mechanisms required by the proposal are reviewed: the ER=EPR connection: precursors: timefolds: and the black hole interior as a fault-tolerant, negative information message. Along the way a model of an ADS black hole as a single long-string is explained, and used to clarify the relation between Wilson loops and precursors.