Introduction to Black Hole Evaporation

TL;DR

This paper provides an accessible introduction to black hole evaporation, covering quantum field theory in curved spacetime, Hawking radiation, black hole thermodynamics, and the information paradox for graduate students.

Contribution

It offers a pedagogical overview of black hole evaporation phenomena, integrating quantum field theory in curved spacetime with key effects like Hawking radiation and related paradoxes.

Findings

Derivation of Hawking radiation in collapsing star spacetime

Explanation of black hole thermodynamics principles

Discussion of the black hole information loss paradox

Abstract

These lecture notes are an elementary and pedagogical introduction to the black hole evaporation, based on a lecture given by the author at the Ninth Modave Summer School in Mathematical Physics and are intended for PhD students. First, quantum field theory in curved spacetime is studied and tools needed for the remaining of the course are introduced. Then, quantum field theory in Rindler spacetime in 1+1 dimensions and in the spacetime of a spherically collapsing star are considered, leading to Unruh and Hawking effects, respectively. Finally, some consequences such as thermodynamics of black holes and information loss paradox are discussed.